Key National Standard Technical Requirements
Current Mandatory National Standard: GB 17761-2024, *Safety Technical Specification for Electric Bicycles*, officially takes effect on September 1, 2025; it mandates a maximum speed of ≤25 km/h and a motor power of ≤400 W.
Vehicle Weight Limits: ≤55 kg for lithium-battery models and ≤63 kg for lead-acid battery models; the battery's rated voltage must not exceed 48 V, and the vehicle must be equipped with pedal-assist functionality.
Specific National Standard for Chargers: GB 42296-2022 requires that physical interfaces for lead-acid and lithium-ion chargers be incompatible with each other; a 2024 amendment explicitly prohibits on-board chargers and introduces a requirement for a 950°C high-temperature flame-retardancy test.
Key Technologies for the Three Core Components
Battery Technology: Serving as the vehicle's energy source, batteries fall primarily into two categories-lead-acid and lithium-ion. They directly determine the driving range and must comply with the GB 43854-2024 safety specifications.
Motor Technology:The core powertrain component that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy; power specifications directly influence the vehicle's acceleration from a standstill and its hill-climbing performance.
Controller Technology: The vehicle's "brain," responsible for managing motor startup, speed regulation, and stopping, while also providing overload protection for both the battery and the motor.
